\label{sec:sensors} \bi{Meas. Model}: $\vec{z} = \vec{h}(\vec{x}) + \vec{v} + \vec{o}$, with $\vec{h}(\vec{x})$ determ. mean, $\vec{v}$ zero-mean noise, $\vec{o}$ unmodelled effects, $\vec{x}$ true state. $\vec{h}(\vec{x})$ describes how to compute $x$ from known values (e.g. Intercept-Theorem). Probabilistic M.M: use rand var in def, and s. \ref{sec:error-propagation} \bi{Motor encoders} Typ. 64-2048 incrm. per rev; Estim. rot \bi{Rolling-Shutter} Most CMOS sensors don't take full image at once, need time stamp for each row