diff --git a/semester4/ps/ps-rb/main.pdf b/semester4/ps/ps-rb/main.pdf index c431263..cc95b67 100644 Binary files a/semester4/ps/ps-rb/main.pdf and b/semester4/ps/ps-rb/main.pdf differ diff --git a/semester4/ps/ps-rb/parts/06_limits.tex b/semester4/ps/ps-rb/parts/06_limits.tex index dbbec3a..6d11957 100644 --- a/semester4/ps/ps-rb/parts/06_limits.tex +++ b/semester4/ps/ps-rb/parts/06_limits.tex @@ -92,4 +92,7 @@ $$ Der Vorteil hiervon ist, der ZGS garantiert: $T \sim \mathcal{N}(n\mu, n\sigma^2)$: Realisierungen $T(\omega) = T(\bar{s}_n) = T(32) = 2$ bilden mit $z_{1-\alpha}$: $K = (z_{1-\alpha},\infty)$ und können direkt ausgewertet werden, z.B. für $p$-Wert. + + Hier z.B. $p \approx \P[Z \geq 2] = 1 - \Phi(2)\approx 0.023$, $Z \sim \mathcal{N}(0,1)$.\\ + $p=0.023>0.01$ bedeutet, wir akzeptieren $H_0$ auf dem $\alpha=0.01$ (1\%) Niveau. } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/semester6/iml/main.pdf b/semester6/iml/main.pdf index a884245..04e1769 100644 Binary files a/semester6/iml/main.pdf and b/semester6/iml/main.pdf differ diff --git a/semester6/iml/parts/08_unsupervised.tex b/semester6/iml/parts/08_unsupervised.tex index 13646bb..ecc0fe0 100644 --- a/semester6/iml/parts/08_unsupervised.tex +++ b/semester6/iml/parts/08_unsupervised.tex @@ -174,6 +174,12 @@ There are several other methods to do this, based e.g. on concepts from informat {\footnotesize \textbf{Intuition}: High dimensional data usually has many redundancies \& highly correlated features. Dimensionality Reduction in practice preserves most substantial data. This idea is formalized as the \textit{Manifold Hypothesis}. + + \remark \textbf{Requirement}: We assume $\mathbf{X}$ is centered. For general $\mathbf{X}$, we therefore use: + $$ + \bar{\mathbf{X}} = \mathbf{X} - \mathbf{I}\mu \qquad \mu = \sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i + $$ + i.e. we subtract the mean $\mu$ of all $x_i$ from each $x_i$. } \subsubsection{PCA in one dimension}